Modal verbs are auxiliary verbs that express ability, obligation, possibility, advice or permission. 🔹 Key modal verbs and their meanings : MUST : • Strong obligation (you have no choice): You must wear a seatbelt. • Logical deduction: He must be tired. (I'm sure he is) • Negative: must not / mustn't = prohibition: You mustn't smoke here. SHOULD : • Advice or recommendation: You should drink more water. • Moral obligation: We should respect our elders. • Negative: shouldn't = not a good idea: You shouldn't skip meals. MIGHT : • Weak possibility (maybe): It might rain tomorrow. • Polite suggestion: You might want to arrive early. COULD : • Past ability: I could swim when I was five. • Present possibility: She could be at the library. • Polite request: Could you help me, please? • Suggestion: We could go to the market. 🔹 Structure : Subject + modal verb + base verb (no 'to', no -s) • ✅ She must go. / He should study. • ❌ She musts go. / He should to study. 🔹 Degrees of certainty : must (very certain) > should (fairly likely) > might/could (possible)

📝 Choose the correct modal : 1. You ___ (must/should) see a doctor — you look very ill. → must 2. I ___ (could/might) come to your party, but I'm not sure. → might 3. Students ___ (must/should) respect their teachers. → should 4. You ___ (mustn't/shouldn't) run in the corridor — it's forbidden. → mustn't 5. ___ (Could/Should) you open the window, please? → Could 📝 Translate : • Tu devrais manger moins de sucre. → You should eat less sugar. • Il est peut-être à l'école. → He might be at school. • Vous ne devez pas tricher à l'examen. → You must not cheat in the exam. • Pouvez-vous m'aider ? → Could you help me?