This lesson extends passive voice to more complex structures: double object passives, passive with modals, and passive infinitives. 🔹 Revision — basic passive structure : Subject + to be (conjugated) + past participle (+ by + agent) 🔹 Advanced passive structures : 1. Passive with modal verbs : • This problem must be solved immediately. • The road should be repaired. • The letter can be sent tomorrow. • The results might be announced next week. 2. Passive with 'get' (informal) : • The window got broken during the storm. • He got promoted last year. 3. Passive infinitive : • She wants to be promoted. (she wants someone to promote her) • The students expected to be told the results. 4. Impersonal passive (it is said / reported / believed) : • It is said that he is the best player. • It is reported that the president will resign. • It is believed that the ancient city was built 3,000 years ago. 5. Have / Get something done (causative) : • I had my hair cut. (someone cut it for me) • She got her phone repaired. • We are having the house painted. 🔹 When NOT to use the passive : • Avoid it when the agent is important and known. • Prefer active voice for clarity in most writing.

📝 Transform into passive : 1. Someone must fix this problem. → This problem must be fixed. 2. They might cancel the match. → The match might be cancelled. 3. People believe that he is innocent. → It is believed that he is innocent. 4. People say that she is the best student. → It is said that she is the best student. 📝 Causative — complete : 1. I didn't paint the wall myself. I ___ the wall painted. → had 2. My mother took her dress to the tailor. She ___ her dress made. → had/got 📝 Identify the structure : 1. 'It is reported that the school will be closed.' → impersonal passive 2. 'The students want to be informed.' → passive infinitive 3. 'She got her bag stolen.' → passive with get