At advanced level, reading an argumentative text requires understanding structure, evaluating the strength of arguments, identifying bias and rhetorical strategies. 🔹 Advanced reading skills : 1. Identify the thesis clearly 2. Analyse each argument : is it logical, emotional, or based on authority? 3. Identify the counter-argument and how it is refuted 4. Evaluate the evidence : fact or opinion? reliable or biased? 5. Identify rhetorical strategies : • rhetorical question — a question not meant to be answered • repetition for emphasis • inclusive 'we' — involving the reader • appeal to emotion (pathos) • appeal to authority (ethos) • appeal to logic (logos) 🔹 Linking words to identify quickly : • Adding: furthermore, moreover, in addition, besides • Contrasting: however, on the other hand, nevertheless, yet • Cause: because, since, as, due to • Consequence: therefore, as a result, consequently, thus • Concession: although, even though, admittedly, granted • Conclusion: in conclusion, to sum up, all things considered 🔹 Reading strategy : • Read the first and last sentences of each paragraph first • Circle linking words to understand the logic • Underline the thesis and topic sentences

📝 Read and analyse : 'We live in an age of unprecedented information. Yet, paradoxically, we are also living in an era of profound ignorance — not because information is scarce, but because it is overwhelming. Social media algorithms show us only what we already believe, creating dangerous echo chambers. Furthermore, the rise of fake news means that many citizens cannot distinguish fact from fiction. If we do not teach critical thinking in schools, democracy itself is at risk. Are we truly free if we cannot think for ourselves?' 1. What is the thesis? → Lack of critical thinking threatens democracy in the information age. 2. What rhetorical device ends the text? → Rhetorical question ('Are we truly free if we cannot think for ourselves?') 3. What linking word introduces the second argument? → 'Furthermore' 4. What is 'an echo chamber'? → A situation where people only encounter opinions that confirm their existing beliefs. 5. What is the author's recommendation? → Teach critical thinking in schools.