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A report is a formal, structured document presenting findings, analysis and recommendations on a specific topic.
🔹 Characteristics of a report :
• Formal, objective tone — no personal opinions without evidence
• Clear structure with headings and sub-headings
• Factual, precise and concise language
• Often includes findings, analysis and recommendations
🔹 Structure of a report :
1. Title (clear and specific)
2. Introduction :
• Purpose of the report
• Method used to gather information
3. Findings (main section) :
• Present the facts and data discovered
• Use sub-headings for clarity
4. Analysis/Discussion :
• Interpret the findings
• Identify problems, causes, effects
5. Recommendations :
• Suggest practical actions to address the problems
6. Conclusion :
• Brief summary
🔹 Useful phrases :
• The aim of this report is to...
• This report is based on...
• The findings show / reveal / indicate that...
• It is recommended that...
• In conclusion, this report has shown that...
📝 Model report — School facilities
REPORT ON SCHOOL FACILITIES AT LYCÉE THIERNO MAMADOU SALL
Introduction:
The aim of this report is to assess the current state of school facilities and recommend improvements. This report is based on observations and interviews conducted in March 2026.
Findings:
Library: The school library has fewer than 500 books and no internet access. Many textbooks are outdated.
Science labs: The chemistry laboratory lacks basic equipment. Several experiments cannot be carried out.
Sports facilities: The football pitch is in poor condition. There is no covered area for indoor sports.
Analysis:
The lack of adequate facilities is affecting students' academic performance and motivation. Without proper equipment, science lessons remain theoretical and students are disadvantaged in national examinations.
Recommendations:
1. It is recommended that the library be expanded and equipped with modern textbooks and internet access.
2. The school administration should request funding to equip the science laboratory.
3. The sports pitch should be repaired before the next school year.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, this report has shown that urgent investment in school facilities is needed to improve the quality of education at this institution.
What is the main difference between a report and an essay?
Correction
A report is factual, structured with headings, presents findings and makes concrete recommendations. An essay is continuous prose arguing a point of view or discussing a topic. Reports are written for a specific purpose and audience (a headmaster, a committee).
What does 'findings' mean in a report?
Correction
Findings are the facts, data or information discovered during the investigation. They are presented objectively, without opinion.
Write an introduction for a report on the use of mobile phones by students.
Correction
The aim of this report is to examine how students use mobile phones and assess whether their use should be regulated in school. This report is based on a survey of 50 students conducted in April 2026.
Write two recommendations for the problem of school dropout in Senegal.
Correction
1. It is recommended that the government provide financial support to families whose children are at risk of dropping out of school. 2. Schools should introduce mentoring programmes to identify and help struggling students before they abandon their studies.
Give three phrases used to present findings in a report.
Correction
'The findings show that...' / 'The data reveals that...' / 'It was found that...' / 'The survey indicates that...'