Conditional sentences express possible or hypothetical situations and their consequences. 🔹 Type 1 — Real / Possible condition (present/future) : If + present simple, will + infinitive • Meaning : real possibility in the future • Ex : If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 🔹 Type 2 — Unreal / Hypothetical (present/future) : If + past simple, would + infinitive • Meaning : imaginary situation now or in the future • Ex : If I were rich, I would build a school. • Note : use 'were' for all persons (If I were / he were / she were) 🔹 Type 3 — Impossible / Past regret : If + past perfect, would have + past participle • Meaning : imagining a different past • Ex : If she had studied, she would have passed. 🔹 Mixed conditional : If + past perfect (past), would + infinitive (present) • Meaning : past condition with present consequence • Ex : If I had slept, I wouldn't be so tired now. 🔹 Unless, as long as, provided that : • Unless = if not : Unless you hurry, you'll miss the bus. • As long as : I'll lend you the book as long as you return it. • Provided that : You can go out provided that you finish your homework.

📝 Identify the type and complete : 1. If it _______ (rain) tomorrow, we _______ (stay) at home. → rains / will stay (Type 1) 2. If I _______ (be) the president, I _______ (invest) in education. → were / would invest (Type 2) 3. If she _______ (arrive) on time, she _______ (not / miss) the presentation. → had arrived / wouldn't have missed (Type 3) 4. If I _______ (eat) breakfast, I _______ (not / be) hungry now. → had eaten / wouldn't be (Mixed) 📝 Rewrite using 'unless' : 1. 'If you don't work hard, you will fail.' → Unless you work hard, you will fail. 2. 'If it doesn't stop raining, we won't go out.' → Unless it stops raining, we won't go out.