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Un vocabulaire riche est essentiel pour comprendre et produire des textes en anglais. Formation des mots (word formation) : Préfixes : un- (unhappy), re- (redo), dis- (disagree), mis- (misunderstand), over- (overwork), under- (underestimate). Suffixes pour noms : -tion (education), -ness (happiness), -ment (government), -er/-or (teacher, actor), -ity (ability). Suffixes pour adjectifs : -ful (careful), -less (careless), -ous (dangerous), -al (national), -ic (economic). Suffixes pour adverbes : -ly (carefully, quickly). Collocations : combinaisons naturelles de mots fréquentes en anglais. Exemples : make a decision (pas 'do'), do homework (pas 'make'), take a risk, have a look, pay attention, break a record, reach a goal, face a challenge. Faux amis (false friends) : words that look like French equivalents but have different meanings. Ex : 'eventually' = finalement (pas 'éventuellement'), 'actually' = en fait (pas 'actuellement'), 'library' = bibliothèque (pas 'librairie').
Exercice 1 : Formez un nom, un adjectif et un adverbe à partir de ces verbes.
1. educate → ___ / ___ / ___
2. create → ___ / ___ / ___
3. develop → ___ / ___ / ___
Exercice 2 : Choisissez la bonne collocation.
1. She (made/did) a huge mistake.
2. He (took/had) a decision without consulting anyone.
3. They need to (face/confront) the consequences.
Exercice 3 : Choisissez le bon mot (faux amis).
1. I will (eventually/actually) finish the project next month.
2. She went to the (library/bookshop) to buy a novel.
What is a collocation and why is it important?
Correction
A collocation is a natural combination of words that frequently go together in English. Native speakers instinctively know which words collocate — learners must memorize them. Example: we say 'make a mistake' (not 'do a mistake'), 'heavy rain' (not 'strong rain'), 'take a photo' (not 'make a photo'). Using correct collocations makes your English sound natural.
What is the difference between a prefix and a suffix?
Correction
A prefix is added at the beginning of a word to change its meaning: un- + happy = unhappy (negative). dis- + appear = disappear. re- + write = rewrite (again). A suffix is added at the end to change the grammatical category or meaning: educate (verb) + -ion = education (noun). happy (adj) + -ness = happiness (noun). care (noun) + -ful = careful (adjective). careful + -ly = carefully (adverb).
What are false friends (faux amis) in English?
Correction
False friends are words in English that look or sound similar to French words but have different meanings. Examples: 'actually' means 'en fait' (not 'actuellement' = currently), 'eventually' means 'finalement' (not 'éventuellement' = possibly), 'sympathetic' means 'compatissant' (not 'sympathique' = nice/friendly), 'lecture' means 'cours magistral' (not 'lecture' = reading).